ABSTRACT
Background: Oxygen saturation measures the quantity of haemoglobin in the blood that is saturated with oxygen. Hemoglobin is a component of red blood cells that binds oxygen and transports it to outlying tissues. Oxygen is commonly used throughout the world in neonatal units. Injudicious use of Oxygen may not maintain appropriate oxygen status rather can lead to hypoxemia or hyperoxemia, both of the conditions are injurious to neonatal health. Objective: To assess the oxygen saturation in neonate after birth.Methods:A cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Neonatology BSMMU, Shahbag, Dhaka, Lab Aid Specialized Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2013 to March 2014. A total 317 patients were selected according to selection criteria. The parents were interviewed with a specific pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire and some information were gathered by document review. All neonate both term and late preterm (?34weeks) who would not be anticipated for resuscitation was included.Results:A total 317 neonate were selected according to selection criteria. Among the study subjects more than half were male (57.1%). Rests were female (42.9%). Average gestational age of the study subjects was 37.47� 1.16 (SD) with the range of 34-40. On the other hand average birth weight was 2.88�46 (SD) with the minimum birth weight 2.0 kg and maximum weight 4.2 kg. Illustrates the median (IQR) heart rate from one to ten min for preterm versus term births. At one to three minutes and at five minutes after birth preterm infants had significantly lower SpO2 measurements. From six to 10 minutes after birth and four minutes after birth there was no significant difference between SpO2 measurements for mode of delivery. Paired sample t test showed that average SpO2 was less in 1 minute[88.42�8(SD)] than in 5 minute [94.25�5(SD)] and statistically this differences were highly significant (t=24.44, p=0.000). Pearson correlation showed high positive correlation (p=0.000) and correlation co-efficient r=0.479. Correlation was significant at the 0.01 level.Conclusion:It is 搉ormal� to have low oxygen saturation measurements in the first minutes after birth. It takes time for infants to reach oxygen saturation levels described as 搉ormal� in the later postnatal period. Oxygen saturation increased with time i.e., it was more in 5 minutes than in 1 minute and similarly more in 10 minutes than in 5 minutes. Conversely heart rate was found more in one minute than to five and ten minutes. Oxygen saturation was ? 90% within 3 to 4 minutes. Significant changes were found in Oxygen saturation by mode of delivery in three minutes & in heart rate by two minutes after birth. At one to ten minutes after birth preterm infants had lower SpO2 measurements.
ABSTRACT
Background:Honey is a natural therapeutic agent which manifest antimicrobial activity against a wide range of bacteria. Therefore, the current study was designed to isolate pathogenic bacteria from burn wound and also to determine the anti-bacterial traits of natural and processed honey against infectious agents.Methods:Wound samples were collected from burn unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital and conventional cultural methods were applied to identify pathogenic microorganisms. A total of six samples including three each of natural and processed honey were tested for the determination of antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion method.Results:Among ten wound samples highest load of total viable bacteria was recorded up to 3.7×106cfu/ml. The maximum load of Pseudomonas spp.and Staphylococcus spp.were found up to 1.6×104cfu/ml and 8.7×104cfu/ml respectively. Significant in vitroantimicrobial activity was found in all the samples. Natural honey showed a little bit more efficacy than processed honey. The samples exhibited antibacterial traits against Staphylococcus aureuswith a wide zone of inhibition and moderate zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas spp.when they are subjected to 100% concentered honey. E. coliand Klebsiella spp.were remained to be unaffected at 75% and 50% concentrated honey, while S. aureusand Pseudomonas spp.werefound to be sensitive at those concentrations.Conclusions:The in vitroefficacy of different types of honey tested against the bacteria dependent on the type of honey and the concentration at which it was administered. In our study 100% concentred honeywas more efficient in inhibiting all the tested isolates
ABSTRACT
Background: The first major outbreak in Bangladesh was reported in 2008 in Rajshahi and Chapainawabgonj. It then re-emerged in 2013, 2014 and 2015 mostly in Dhaka and other parts of Bangladesh, with a notable outbreak in December 2016 according to a report. This is a statistical report on the data collected from chikungunya patients in some areas of Chittagong in relation to age, gender, location, weather and symptoms of the patients. The aim of the report is to assess the magnitude of the outbreak and an interest to identify the probable socio-environmental factors responsible for chikungunya in Chittagong.Methods: Medical records were collected from well-established diagnostic laboratories, as well as, a limited survey on awareness of chikungunya was conducted from July to December, 2017. There were 188 clinically tested chikungunya cases in both genders ranging from 2-70 years of age.Results: From the total chikungunya cases in the study area it has been found that the highest number of cases (25%) was found in the age group of 41-50 years, almost equally distributed in both genders. The lowest number of cases (5.3%) was from children below 10 years of age with males having only 3 positive cases and females having 7. Amongst the total present study population, 44.4% were suffering from chikungunya.Conclusions: From our study we found that this outbreak took place in Chittagong mainly due to lack of awareness in the population. Educating the general population about its causes, effects, treatment and preventive methods is the best way to prevent future outbreak.